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Confederate  States  of  America, 

«     POST  OFFICE  DEPARTMENT, 

APPOINTMENT  BUREAU, 

Richmond,  October  1«<,  1861. 

To  the  Post  Master  of 

Sir, — The  following  laws,  enacted  by  the 
Congress  of  the  Confederate  States,  are  transmit- 
ted to  you  for  your  guidance  in  the  discharge  of 
your  duties  as  Post  Master. 
Respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servant, 
%^  B.  N.  Clements, 

Okie/  0/  Appoinimeni  Bureau. 


NEW  POSTAGE   ACTS. 


INSTRUCTIONS  TO  POST  MASTERS. 


The  following  laws  have  been  enacted  by  the 
Congress  of  the  Confederate  States  of  America: 

Letter  Postage. 
AN  ACT 

To  prescribe  the  Rates  of  Postage  in  the  Confederate  States 
of  America,  and  for  other  purposes. 

The  Congress  of  the  Confederate  States  of 
America  do  enact,  That  from  and  after  such 
period  as  the  Post  Master  General  may  by  procla- 
mation announce,  there  shall  be  charged  the  fol- 
lowing rates  of  postage,  to  wit :  For  every  single 
sealed  letter,  and  for  every  letter  in  manuscript  6v 
paper  of  any  kind,  upon  which  information  shall 
be  asked  for  or  communicated  in  writing  or  by 
marks  or  signs,  conveyed  in  the  mail  for  any  dis- 
tance between  places  within  the  Confederate  States 
of  America,  not  exceeding  five  hundred  miles,  five 


cents ;  and  for  any  distance  exceeding  five  hundred 
miles,  double  that  rate ;  and  every  letter  or  parcel 
not  exceeding  half  an  ounce  in  ■weight  shall  bo 
deemed  a  single  letter,  and  every  additional  weight 
of  half  an  ounce,  or  additional  weight  of  less  than 
half  an  ounce,  shall  be  cliarged  with  additional 
single  postage  ;  and  all  packages  containing  other 
than  printed  or  written  matter — and  money  pack- 
ages  are  included  in  tJiis  class — sJiall  be  rated  hj 
weight  as  letters  are  rated,  and  shall  be  charged 
the  rates  of  postage  on  letters  ;  and  all  drop  let- 
ters, or  letters  placed  in  any  post  office  not  for 
transmission,  but  for  delivery  only,  shall  be  charged 
with  postage  at  the  rate  of  two  cents  each ;  and  in 
all  the  foregoing  cases  the  postage  must  be  pre- 
paid by  stamps ;  and  all  letters  which  shall  here- 
after be  advertised  as  remaining  over  or  uncalled 
for  in  any  post  office,  shall  be  charged  with  two 
cents  each  in  addition  to  the  regular  postage,  both 
to  be  accounted  for  as  other  postages  of  this  Con- 
federacy. 

Postage   on   Newspapers,   Pamphlets,    and    other 
printed  matter,  including  Books. 

And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  all  newspapers 
published  within  the  Confederate  States,  not  ex- 
ceeding three  ounces  in  weight,  and  sent  from  the 
office  of  publication  to  actual  and  bona  fide  sub- 
scribers within  the    Confederate    States,  shall  be 


charged  with  postage  as  follows,  viz :  The  postage 
on  the  regular  numbers  of  a  newspaper  published 
■  weekly,  shall  be  ten  cents  per  quarter ;  papers 
published  semi-weekly,  double  that  amount ;  papers 
published  thrice  a  week,  treble  that  amount;  pa- 
pers published  six  times  a  week,  six  times  that 
amount,  and  papers  published  daily,  seven  times 
that  amount.  And  on  newspapers  jveighing  more 
than  three  ounces,  there  shall  be  charged  on  each 
additional  ounce  in  addition  to  the  foregoing  rates, 
on  those  published  once  a  week,  five  cents  per 
ounce,  or  fraction  of  an  ounce,  per  quarter;  on 
those  published  twice  a  week,  ten  cents  per  ounce 
per  quarter ;  on  those  published  three  times  a 
week,  fifteen  cents  per  ounce  per  quarter ;  on 
those  published  six  times  a  week,  thirty  cents  per 
ounce  per  quarter ;  and  on  those  published  daily, 
thirty-five  cents  per  ounce  per  quarter. 

And  periodicals  published  oftener  than  semi- 
monthly shall  be  charged  as  newspapers. 

And  other  periodicals,  sent  from  the  office  of 
publication  to  actual  and  bona  fide  subscribers, 
shall  be  charged  with  postage  as  follows,  viz :  The 
postage  on  the  regular  numbers  of  a  periodical, 
published  within  the  Confederate  States,  not  ex- 
ceeding one  and  a  half  ounces  in  weight,  and  pub- 
lished monthly,  shall  be  two  and  a  half  cents  per 
quarter ;  and  for  every  additional  ounce,  or  frac- 
tion of  an  ounce,  two  and  a  half  cents  additional; 


8 

if  published  semi-montlily,  double  that  amount. 
And  periodicals  published  quarterly  or  bi-monthly, 
shall  be  charged  two  cents  an  ouNce ;  and  regular 
subscribers  to  newspapers  and  periodicals  shall  be 
required  to  pay  one  quarter's  postage  thereon  in 
advance,  at  the  office  of  delivery,  unless  paid  at 
the  office  where  published. 

And  there  shall  be  charged  upon  every  other 
newspaper,  and  each  circular  not  sealed,  hand- 
bill, engraving,  pamphlet,  periodical  and  magazine, 
which  shall  be  unconnected  with  any  manuscript 
or  written  matter,  and  not  exceeding  three  ounces 
in  weight,  and  published  within  the  Confederate 
States,  two  cents ;  and  for  each  additional  ounce, 
or  fraction  of  an  ounce,  two  cents  additional; 
and  in  all  cases  the  postage  shall  be  pre-paid  by 
stamps  or  otherwise,  as  the  Post  Master  General 
shall  direct. 

And  books,  bound  or  unbound,  not  weighing 
over  four  pounds,  shall  be  deemed  mailable  matter, 
and  shall  be  charged  with  postage,  to  be  pre-paid 
by  stamps  or  otherwise,  as  the  Post  Master  Gene- 
ral shall  direct,  at  two  cents  an  ounce  for  any 
distance. 

And  upon  all  newspapers,  periodicals  and  books, 
as  aforesaid,  published  beyond  the  limits  of  the 
Confederate  States,  there  shall  be  charged  postage 
at  double  the  foregoing  specified  rates. 


The  publishers  of  newspapers  or  periodicals 
within  the  Confederate  States,  may  send  and  re- 
ceive to  and  from  each  other,  from  thair  respective 
offices  of  publication,  one  copy  of  each  publication, 
free  of  postage. 

All  newspapers,  unsealed  circulars,  or  other  un- 
sealed printed  transient  matter,  placed  in  any  post 
office,  not  for  transmission,  but  for  delivery  only, 
shall  be  charged  postage  at  the  rate  of  one  cent 
each. 

Franking  Privilege. 

And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  from  and  after 
the  day  when  this  act  goes  into  effect,  the  franking 
privilege  shall  be  abolished :  Provided^  That  the 
Post  Master  General  and  his  chief  clerk,  the  chief 
of  the  Contract,  Appointment  and  Finance  Bu- 
reaus, and  the  Auditor  of  the  Treasury  for  the 
Post  Office  Department,  shall  be  and  they  are 
hereby  authorized  to  transmit  through  the  mail, 
free  of  postage,  any  letters,  packages,  or  other 
matters  relating  exclusively  to  their  official  duties 
or  to  the  business  of  the  Post  Office  Department; 
but  they  shall,  in  every  such  case,  indorse  on  the 
back  of  the  letter  or  package  to  be  sent  free  of 
postage,  over  their  own  signature,  the  words  "  Offi- 
cial Business."  And  for  any  such  indorsement 
falsely  made,  the  person  so  offending  shall  forfeit 
and   pay   three    hundred    dollars :    And  provided 


further,  The  several  deputy  post  masters  tlirougli- 
out  the  Confederate  States  shall  be  and  hereby 
are  authorized  to  send  through  the  mail,  free  of 
postage,  all  letters  and  packages  which  it  may  be 
their  duty  or  thc}^  may  have  occasion  to  transmit 
to  any  person  or  place,  and  which  shall  relate  ex- 
clusively to  the  business  of  their  respective  offices 
or  to  the  business  of  the  Post  Office  Department ; 
but,  in  every  such  case,  the  deputy  post  master 
sending  any  such  letter  or  package  shall  indorse 
thereon,  over  his  own  signature,  the  words  "  Post 
Office  Business."  And  for  any  and  every  such 
indorsement  falsely  made,  the  person  making  the 
same  shall  forfeit  and  pay  three  hundred  dollars. 

Payment   of   Postage   in   Money   until    Postage 
Stamps  and  Stam^ped  Envelopes  are  provided. 

Section  1.  The  Congress  of  the  Confederate 
States  of  America  do  enact.  That  until  postage 
stamps  and  stamped  envelopes  can  be  procured 
and  distributed,  the  Post  Master  General  may 
order  the  postage  of  the  Confederacy  to  be  pre- 
paid in  money,  under  such  rules  and  regulations 
as  he  may  adopt. 

Repeal  of  the  Letter  Registration  System, 

And  be  it  further  enacted,  That  the  third  sec- 
tion of  an  act,  entitled  "An  act  further  to  amend 


an  act  entitled  *An  act  to  reduce  and  modify  tlio 
rates  of  postage  in  the  United  States,  and  for 
other  purposes,  passed  March  third,  eighteen  hun- 
dred and  fifty-one,'  "  approved  March  3d,  1855, 
whereby  the  letter  registration  system  was  estab- 
lished, be  and  is  hereby  repealed  from  and  after 
the  day  when  this  act  goes  into  effect. 

Conveyance  of  Mail  Matter  hy  Express  and  other 
CTiartered  Companies. 

Section  5.  That  it  shall  be  lawful  for  the  Post 
Master  General  to  allow  express  and  other  char- 
tered companies  to  cairy  letters  and  all  mail  mat- 
ter of  every  description,  whether  the  same  be  en- 
closed in  stamped  envelopes  or  pre-paid  hy  stamps 
or  money ;  but  if  the  same  be  pre-paid  in  money, 
the  money  shall  be  paid  to  some  post  master,  who 
shall  stamp  the  same  "Paid,"  and  shall  account  to 
the  Post  Office  Department  for  the  same,  in  the 
same  manner  as  for  letters  sent  by  the  mail ;  and 
if  pre-paid  by  stamps,  then  the  express  or  other 
company  receiving  such  letters  for  delivery  shall 
obliterate  such  stamps,  under  the  penalty  of  five 
hundred  dollars  for  each  failure,  to  be  recovered 
by  action  of  debt  in  any  court  having  jurisdiction 
thereof,  in  the  name  of  the  Post  Master  General, 
for  the  use  of  the  Confederate  States ;  but  if  said 
letters  or  mail  matter  shall  be  received  by  such 
express  or  other  company,  not  for  delivery,  but  to 


12 

be  mailed,  then  the  matter  so  carried  shall  be  pre- 
paid at  the  same  rate  that  the  existing  law  requires 
it.  to  be  paid  from  the  point  where  it  maybe  re- 
ceived by  such  company'-  to  the  point  of  its  destina- 
tion, and  the  post  master,  where  such  company 
may  mail  the  same,  shall  deface  the  stamps  upon 
the  same. 

Sec.  6.  Be  it  further  enacted.  That  each  agent 
of  any  company  who  may  carry  letters  under  the 
provisions  of  this  act,  shall  be  required  to  take  an 
oath  that  he  will  fciithfully  comply  with  the  law  of 
the  Confederate  States  relating  to  the  carrying  of 
letters  or  other  mail  matter  and  obliterating  post- 
age stamps,  which  oath  may  be  administered  by 
any  justice  of  the  peace,  and  shall  be  in  writing, 
and  signed  by  such  agent  or  messengel',  and  filed 
in  the  Post  Office  Department. 

AppeoveDj  March  15th,  1861. 


13 


AN  ACT 

Relating  to  the  Pre-payment  of  Tostage  in  certain  cases,  ap- 
proved, July  29tli,  1861.     (No.  194.) 

Section  1.  The  Congress  of  the  Confederate 
States  of  America  do  enact,  That  a]l  letters  and 
other  matter  authorized  bj  law  to  be  transmitted 
through  the  mails,  written  or  sent  by  any  officer, 
musician  or  private  of  the  army  engaged  in  the 
actual  service  of  the  Confederate  States,  may  be 
transmitted  through  the  mails  to  any  other  place 
in  the  Confederate  States  without  pre-payment  of 
postage,  but  leaving  such  postage  to  be  collected 
upon  the  delivery  of  such  leiters  or  other  matter  : 
Provided,  nevertheless,  That  in  all  such  cases  the 
letters  and  other  mail  matter  so  sent  shall  be  en- 
dorsed with  the  name,  and  shall  be  on  account  of 
the  individual  sending  the  same,  and  shall  contain 
a  description  of  the  party  who.  sends  the  same,  by 
endorsement  of  his  military  title,  i^  an  officer,  or 
of  the  company  and  regiment  to  which  he  belongs, 
if  a  musician  or  private. 

Section  2.  That  letters  and  other  mail  matter 
sent  to  any  officer,  musician  or  private  in  the  Con- 
federate States  Army,  at  any  point  from  which 
the  said  officer,  musician  or  private  may  have  been 

2 


lawfully  removed,  shall  be  forwarded  to  the  person 
to  whom  directed,  at  the  post  ofiBce  nearest  which 
he  may  have  been  removed,  free  of  additional 
postage. 

Section  3.  That  on  letters  transmitted  by  a 
member  of  Congress,  with  his  official  signature 
endorsed  on  the  same,  pre-payment  of  postage 
shall  not  be  required,  but  the  same  may  be  paid 
on  the  delivery  of  the  letter's  thus  transmitted. 

Section  4.  Any  person  attempting  to  violate 
the  provisions  of  this  act  shall  be  guilty  of  a  mis- 
demeanor, and-  shall  forfeit  and  pay  the  sum  of 
twenty  dollars,  to  be  recovered  before  any  justice 
of  the  peace  having  cognizance  thereof. 

Appeoved,  July  29th,  1861. 


15 


AN  ACT 


Amendatory  of  '*An  act  to  prescribe  the  Rates  of  Postage  ia 
the  Coufederate  States  of  America,  approved,  February  23d 
1861."     {NO.-222.) 

The  Congress  of  the  Confederate  States  of 
America  do  enact,  That  all  mailable  matter  ad- 
dressed to  officers  of  the  several  State  Govern- 
ments, for  the  paj^ment  of  the  postage  on  which 
the  said  governments  are  responsible,  in  the  ad- 
justment of  the  accounts  of  the  parties  mailing  the 
same,  may  be  transmitted  through  the  mails  with- 
out the  pre-paymcnt  of  postage  thereon  :  Pro- 
vided, That  the  person  mailing  the  same  shall 
endorse  thereon  his  official  title  and  the  nature  of 
the  matter  mailed;  and  the  postage  thereon  shall 
be  collected  of  the  said  governments  at  the  office 
of  delivery. 

Approved,  August  29tb,  1861. 


16 


AN  ACT 

To  require  the  receipt  by  the  Post  INIastcrs  of  the  Confederate 
States  of  Treasury  Notes,  in  sums  of  five  dollars  and  up- 
wards, in  payment  of  postage  stamps  or  stamped  envelopes. 
(No.  268.) 

Section  1.  The  Congress  of  tlie  Confederate 
States  of  America  do  enact,  That  so  soon  as  the 
Post  Master  General  shall  procure  postage  stamps 
and  stamped  envelopes,  that  the  Post  Masters 
throughout  the  Confederate  States  be  required  to 
receive  the  treasury  notes  of  the  Confederate 
States  at  par,  for  said  stamps  and  stamped  en- 
velopes, in  all  cases  where  the  amount  of  stamps 
or  stamped  envelopes  applied  for  shall  be  five  dol- 
lars or  other  sums  for  which  the  Confederate  trea- 
sury notes  are  issued. 

Section  2.  Be  it  further  enacted,  That  the  en- 
dorsement by  a  member  of  Congress  of  his  name 
on  newspapers  or  other  printed  matter  sent  by  him 
through  the  mail,  shall  not,  by  reason  of  such  en- 
dorsement, subject  him  to  letter  or  other  increase 
of  postage. 

Approved,  August  30th,  1861.  ' 


17 


AN  ACT 

To  establish  the  Kates  of  Postage  on  Newspapers  and  Periodi- 
cals, sent  to  dealers  therein  through  the  mail,  or  by  express 
over  post-roads.     (No.  285.) 

Section  1.  The  Congress  of  the  Confederate 
States  of  America  do  enact,  That  persons  engaged 
as  dealers  in  newspapers  and  periodicals  may  re- 
ceive bj  mail  any  quantity  of  such  papers  and 
periodicals  as  they  may  order,  on  the  payment,  at 
the  place  of  delivery,  of  the  same  rate  of  post- 
age as  is  required  by  the  existing  law,  to  be  paid 
by  the  regular  subscribers  to  such  newspapers  or 
periodicals. 

Section  2.  It  shall  be  lawful  for  persons  en-i, 
gaged  in  buying  and  selling  newspapers  and  pe- 
riodicals, to  carry  any  quantity  of  such  papers 
and  periodicals  over  the  post-roads  of  the  Con- 
federate States,  outside  of  the  mail,  upon  pre- 
paying the  postage  at  the  same  rate  charged  to 
regular  subscribers  to  such  papers  and  periodicals 
into  the  post  office  nearest  the  place  of  publication 
or  purchase  thereof;  and  such  pre-payment  shall 
be  indicated  by  the  stamp  of  such  post  office,  or  by 
writing  upon  each  paper  so  sent. 


V 


18 

Section  3.  Any  person  violating  the  provisions 
of  this  act  shall  forfeit  and  pay  the  sum  of  fifty 
dollars,  to  be  recovered  by  action  of  debt  in  the 
name  and  for  the  use  of  the  Confederate  States. 

Approved,  August  31st,  1861. 


.  ^^>^  ^«--*Y^^^^ 


19 


All  laws  and  regulations  embraced  in  the  volume 
of  Laws  and  Regulations  issued  bj  the  Post  Office 
Department,  May  15th,  1859,  of  the  United  States, 
not  conflicting  with  the  above  laws,  are  continued 
in  force  by  the  following  act,  adopted  February 
9th,  1861: 

JSK  ACT 

To   continue   in  force   cofMin   laws   of  the   United   States  of 
Aiftcrica. 

Be  it  enacted  by  i\e  Confederate  States  of 
America  in  Congress  assembled.  That  all  the  laws 
of  the  United  States  of  America,  in  force  and  in 
use  in  the  Confederate  States  of  America  on  the 
first  day  of  November  last,  and  not  inconsistent 
with  the  Constitution  of  the  Confederate  States, 
be  and  the  same  are  hereby  continued  in  force 
until  altered  or  repealed  by  the  Congress. 

Adopted,  February  9th,  18C1. 


JN 


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20 


NOTES. 

t 

Post  Masters'  returns  must  be  made  to  close  on 
the  31st  March,  the  30th  June,  the  30th  Septem- 
ber and  the  31st  December  in  each  year. 

Post  Masters  who  have  not  yet  reported  their 
names,  with  the  name  of  their  offices,  county  and 
State,  and  the  number  of  the  route  on  which  their 
office  is  located,  in  order  to  enable  this  Department 
to  forward  to  them  their  appointments,  will  do  so 
immediately,  otherwise  their  offices  will  have  to  be 
discontinued. 

Post  Masters  are  requested  not  to  write  on  more 
than  one  subject  in  the  same  letter. 

Everything  relating  to  the  arrangement  of  the 
mail  service,  placing  the  same  under  contract,  all 
correspondence  respecting  the  frequency  of  the 
trips,  mode  of  conveyance,  mail  proposals,  or  of 
changing  the  service,  should  be  addressed  to  the 
Chief  of  the  Contract  Bureau. 

All  questions  relating  to  the  establishment  and 
discontinuance  of  post  offices,  changes  of  sites  and 
names,  appointment  and  removal  of  Post  Masters, 
and  Route  and  Local  Agents,  as  also  the  giving 


Gth<^Sf  <#T^'--^  <^< 


/j^potc?  ^.'^^ 


21 

of  instructions  to  Post  Masters,  furnishing  mark- 
ing and  rating  stamps,  providing  blanks  and  sta- 
tionery for  the  use  of  the  Department,  &c.,  should 
be  addressed  to  the  Chief  of  the  Appointment 
Bureau. 

The  supervision  and  management  of  the  finan- 
cial business  of  the  Department,  embracing  ac- 
counts with  the  draft  offices,  the  issuing  of  war- 
rants and  drafts  in  payment  of  balances  reported 
by  the  Auditor,  the  superintendence  of  the  rendi- 
tion by  the  Post  Masters  of  their  quarterly  re- 
turns, is  under  the  control  of  the  Finance  Bureau, 
It  has  also  charge  of  the  dead  letters,  of  the  issu- 
ing of  postage  stamps  and  stamped  envelopes,  and 
the  accounts  connected  therewith. 

To  the  Inspection  Office  is  assigned  the  duty 
of  receiving  and  examining  the  registers  of  the 
arrivals  and  departures  of  the  mails,  certificates 
of  the  service  of  Route  Agents  and  report  of 
mail  failures,  noticing  the  delinquencies  of  con- 
tractors, attending  to  all  mail  depredations,  fur- 
nishing blanks  for  mail  registers  and  mail  failures, 
furnishing  and  sending  out  of  mail  bags,  mail  locks 
and  keys. 


22 


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